Ethereum Activates Fusaka Upgrade, Unlocking Real Sharding for the First Time

Ethereum has shipped its most ambitious scaling milestone in years, the Fusaka upgrade, the network’s second major update of 2025, is now live on mainnet. It activated at epoch 411392 on December 3, 2025, at roughly 21:49 UTC, marking a breakthrough moment that researchers have pursued for nearly a decade. Fusaka introduces PeerDAS, a data availability sampling system that dramatically boosts throughput while lowering costs for rollups. For the first time, Ethereum validators can verify only tiny segments of data instead of full blob payloads. It’s a shift that many core contributors have called the network’s first real step into full sharding. Fusaka is live on Ethereum mainnet! – PeerDAS now unlocks 8x data throughput for rollups – UX improvements via the R1 curve & pre-confirmatons – Prep for scaling the L1 with gas limit increase & more Community members will continue to monitor for issues over the next 24...

https://nulltx.com/ethereum-activates-fusaka-upgrade-unlocking-real-sharding-for-the-first-time/